The State of SSL/TLS
We use GeoTrust SSL Monitor to analyze the security of the world's 1,000,000 most-visited websites every month.
Conformance with federal, PCI and NIST TLS requirements
How well do websites meet government security requirements?
Meets the TLS requirements of U.S. federal HTTPS policy: requirements met
OMB Memorandum M-15-13, Policy to Require Secure Connections across Federal Websites and Web Services (2015), https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/sites/default/files/omb/memoranda/2015/m-15-13.pdf; CISA Binding Operational Directive 18-01 Required Action 1.b, Enhance Email and Web Security (2017), https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/directives/bod-18-01-enhance-email-and-web-security — conformance of observable TLS configuration to the standard's technical requirements. Applicable sites only; a requirement the scan cannot observe is excluded from its denominator.
Advisory (does not affect the pass rate)
Denominator: applicable sites (requirements the scan cannot observe are excluded) · n = 998,668
Most-failed requirement in all ranks: HSTS is enabled with a max-age of at least one year (CISA Binding Operational Directive 18-01 Required Action 1.b).
View as table
| Requirement | Citation | Pass share | n |
|---|---|---|---|
| All requirements | OMB Memorandum M-15-13, Policy to Require Secure Connections across Federal Websites and Web Services (2015), https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/sites/default/files/omb/memoranda/2015/m-15-13.pdf; CISA Binding Operational Directive 18-01 Required Action 1.b, Enhance Email and Web Security (2017), https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/directives/bod-18-01-enhance-email-and-web-security | 19.1% | 998,668 |
| HTTPS is enforced | OMB Memorandum M-15-13, Policy to Require Secure Connections across Federal Websites and Web Services (2015), https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/sites/default/files/omb/memoranda/2015/m-15-13.pdf | 78.7% | 998,668 |
| HSTS is enabled with a max-age of at least one year | CISA Binding Operational Directive 18-01 Required Action 1.b, Enhance Email and Web Security (2017), https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/directives/bod-18-01-enhance-email-and-web-security | 22.8% | 998,668 |
| SSLv2 is disabled | CISA Binding Operational Directive 18-01 Required Action 1.b, Enhance Email and Web Security (2017), https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/directives/bod-18-01-enhance-email-and-web-security | 100% | 973,443 |
| SSLv3 is disabled | CISA Binding Operational Directive 18-01 Required Action 1.b, Enhance Email and Web Security (2017), https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/directives/bod-18-01-enhance-email-and-web-security | 99.6% | 973,443 |
| RC4 cipher suites are disabled | CISA Binding Operational Directive 18-01 Required Action 1.b, Enhance Email and Web Security (2017), https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/directives/bod-18-01-enhance-email-and-web-security | 99.1% | 973,443 |
| 3DES cipher suites are disabled | CISA Binding Operational Directive 18-01 Required Action 1.b, Enhance Email and Web Security (2017), https://www.cisa.gov/news-events/directives/bod-18-01-enhance-email-and-web-security | 89.4% | 973,443 |
| Certificate is publicly trusted | OMB Memorandum M-15-13, Policy to Require Secure Connections across Federal Websites and Web Services (2015), https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/sites/default/files/omb/memoranda/2015/m-15-13.pdf | 93.6% | 998,668 |
| Advisory: TLS 1.0 is disabled (discouraged, not required) | NIST SP 800-52r2 §3.1, Guidelines for TLS Implementations (2019), https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.SP.800-52r2 | 65.1% | 973,443 |
| Advisory: TLS 1.1 is disabled (discouraged, not required) | NIST SP 800-52r2 §3.1, Guidelines for TLS Implementations (2019), https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.SP.800-52r2 | 63.5% | 973,443 |
Meets the TLS requirements of U.S. federal HTTPS policy: conformance by government type
Share of applicable sites whose observable TLS configuration meets every technical requirement, against the all-sites benchmark. Cohorts with at least 100 applicable sites.
Denominator: applicable sites (requirements the scan cannot observe are excluded) · n per cohort in the table
View as table
| govType | All requirements met | Most-failed requirement | n |
|---|---|---|---|
| federal | 70.9% | HSTS is enabled with a max-age of at least one year | 533 |
| state | 32.7% | HSTS is enabled with a max-age of at least one year | 330 |
| local | 21.9% | HSTS is enabled with a max-age of at least one year | 1,061 |
| Not government | 19% | HSTS is enabled with a max-age of at least one year | 996,730 |
Meets the TLS requirements of PCI DSS 4.0.1 Requirement 4.2.1: requirements met
PCI Security Standards Council, PCI DSS v4.0.1 Requirement 4.2.1 (2024), https://docs-prv.pcisecuritystandards.org/PCI%20DSS/Standard/PCI-DSS-v4_0_1.pdf — conformance of observable TLS configuration to the standard's technical requirements. Applicable sites only; a requirement the scan cannot observe is excluded from its denominator.
Denominator: applicable sites (requirements the scan cannot observe are excluded) · n = 973,443
Most-failed requirement in all ranks: SSLv3, TLS 1.0, and TLS 1.1 are disabled (PCI Security Standards Council).
View as table
| Requirement | Citation | Pass share | n |
|---|---|---|---|
| All requirements | PCI Security Standards Council, PCI DSS v4.0.1 Requirement 4.2.1 (2024), https://docs-prv.pcisecuritystandards.org/PCI%20DSS/Standard/PCI-DSS-v4_0_1.pdf | 60.2% | 973,443 |
| TLS 1.2 or newer is supported | PCI Security Standards Council, PCI DSS v4.0.1 Requirement 4.2.1 (2024), https://docs-prv.pcisecuritystandards.org/PCI%20DSS/Standard/PCI-DSS-v4_0_1.pdf | 100% | 973,443 |
| SSLv3, TLS 1.0, and TLS 1.1 are disabled | PCI Security Standards Council, PCI DSS v4.0.1 Requirement 4.2.1 (2024), https://docs-prv.pcisecuritystandards.org/PCI%20DSS/Standard/PCI-DSS-v4_0_1.pdf | 63.5% | 973,443 |
| Weak cipher families are disabled | PCI Security Standards Council, PCI DSS v4.0.1 Requirement 4.2.1 (2024), https://docs-prv.pcisecuritystandards.org/PCI%20DSS/Standard/PCI-DSS-v4_0_1.pdf | 89.4% | 973,443 |
| Certificate public key meets minimum strength | PCI Security Standards Council, PCI DSS v4.0.1 Requirement 4.2.1 (2024), https://docs-prv.pcisecuritystandards.org/PCI%20DSS/Standard/PCI-DSS-v4_0_1.pdf | 100% | 973,443 |
| Certificate is trusted and unexpired | PCI Security Standards Council, PCI DSS v4.0.1 Requirement 4.2.1 (2024), https://docs-prv.pcisecuritystandards.org/PCI%20DSS/Standard/PCI-DSS-v4_0_1.pdf | 96.1% | 973,443 |
Meets the TLS requirements of PCI DSS 4.0.1 Requirement 4.2.1: conformance by government type
Share of applicable sites whose observable TLS configuration meets every technical requirement, against the all-sites benchmark. Cohorts with at least 100 applicable sites.
Denominator: applicable sites (requirements the scan cannot observe are excluded) · n per cohort in the table
View as table
| govType | All requirements met | Most-failed requirement | n |
|---|---|---|---|
| federal | 94.7% | SSLv3, TLS 1.0, and TLS 1.1 are disabled | 531 |
| local | 91.2% | SSLv3, TLS 1.0, and TLS 1.1 are disabled | 1,055 |
| state | 85% | SSLv3, TLS 1.0, and TLS 1.1 are disabled | 326 |
| Not government | 60.1% | SSLv3, TLS 1.0, and TLS 1.1 are disabled | 971,517 |
Meets the TLS requirements of NIST SP 800-52r2: requirements met
NIST Special Publication 800-52 Revision 2, Guidelines for TLS Implementations (2019), https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.SP.800-52r2 — conformance of observable TLS configuration to the standard's technical requirements. Applicable sites only; a requirement the scan cannot observe is excluded from its denominator.
Advisory (does not affect the pass rate)
Denominator: applicable sites (requirements the scan cannot observe are excluded) · n = 973,443
Most-failed requirement in all ranks: Encrypt-then-MAC extension is supported when CBC cipher suites are offered (servers offering no CBC suite are excluded) (NIST SP 800-52r2 §3.4.2.7).
View as table
| Requirement | Citation | Pass share | n |
|---|---|---|---|
| All requirements | NIST Special Publication 800-52 Revision 2, Guidelines for TLS Implementations (2019), https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.SP.800-52r2 | 34.3% | 973,443 |
| TLS 1.2 is supported (or the server is TLS 1.3-only) | NIST SP 800-52r2 §3.1, Guidelines for TLS Implementations (2019), https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.SP.800-52r2 | 100% | 973,443 |
| TLS 1.3 is supported | NIST SP 800-52r2 §3.1, Guidelines for TLS Implementations (2019), https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.SP.800-52r2 | 89.5% | 973,443 |
| SSLv2 and SSLv3 are disabled | NIST SP 800-52r2 §3.1, Guidelines for TLS Implementations (2019), https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.SP.800-52r2 | 99.6% | 973,443 |
| Certificate public key meets minimum strength | NIST SP 800-52r2 §3.2.1, Guidelines for TLS Implementations (2019), https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.SP.800-52r2 | 100% | 973,443 |
| Certificate signature uses SHA-256 or stronger | NIST SP 800-52r2 §3.2.1, Guidelines for TLS Implementations (2019), https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.SP.800-52r2 | 99.9% | 973,443 |
| Secure renegotiation is supported | NIST SP 800-52r2 §3.4.1.1, Guidelines for TLS Implementations (2019), https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.SP.800-52r2 | 99.2% | 973,440 |
| Extended Master Secret extension is supported (TLS 1.2 and earlier) | NIST SP 800-52r2 §3.4.1.3, Guidelines for TLS Implementations (2019), https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.SP.800-52r2 | 96.7% | 966,785 |
| Encrypt-then-MAC extension is supported when CBC cipher suites are offered (servers offering no CBC suite are excluded) | NIST SP 800-52r2 §3.4.2.7, Guidelines for TLS Implementations (2019), https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.SP.800-52r2 | 26.3% | 670,798 |
| OCSP stapling is offered when the certificate’s CA runs OCSP (certificates with no OCSP responder are excluded) | NIST SP 800-52r2 §3.2, §3.4.1.5, Guidelines for TLS Implementations (2019), https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.SP.800-52r2 | 37.6% | 191,235 |
| Certificate is publicly trusted | NIST SP 800-52r2 §3.2.3, Guidelines for TLS Implementations (2019), https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.SP.800-52r2 | 96.1% | 973,443 |
| Advisory: TLS 1.0 and TLS 1.1 are disabled (discouraged, not required) | NIST SP 800-52r2 §3.1, Guidelines for TLS Implementations (2019), https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.SP.800-52r2 | 63.5% | 973,443 |
| Advisory: Forward-secrecy (ephemeral key exchange) cipher suites are offered (preferred, not required) | NIST SP 800-52r2 §3.3.1.1, Guidelines for TLS Implementations (2019), https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.SP.800-52r2 | 99.8% | 973,443 |
| Advisory: An AEAD cipher suite (GCM, CCM or ChaCha20-Poly1305) is offered (preferred over CBC, not required) | NIST SP 800-52r2 §3.3.1.1, Guidelines for TLS Implementations (2019), https://doi.org/10.6028/NIST.SP.800-52r2 | 99.9% | 973,443 |
Meets the TLS requirements of NIST SP 800-52r2: conformance by government type
Share of applicable sites whose observable TLS configuration meets every technical requirement, against the all-sites benchmark. Cohorts with at least 100 applicable sites.
Denominator: applicable sites (requirements the scan cannot observe are excluded) · n per cohort in the table
View as table
| govType | All requirements met | Most-failed requirement | n |
|---|---|---|---|
| federal | 50.9% | Encrypt-then-MAC extension is supported when CBC cipher suites are offered (servers offering no CBC suite are excluded) | 531 |
| local | 38.4% | Encrypt-then-MAC extension is supported when CBC cipher suites are offered (servers offering no CBC suite are excluded) | 1,055 |
| Not government | 34.3% | Encrypt-then-MAC extension is supported when CBC cipher suites are offered (servers offering no CBC suite are excluded) | 971,517 |
| state | 29.8% | Encrypt-then-MAC extension is supported when CBC cipher suites are offered (servers offering no CBC suite are excluded) | 326 |
The requirements most often missed
HTTPS enforcement controls
The federal mandate hinges on HSTS and HTTP→HTTPS redirects; HSTS preload is encouraged, not required.
Denominator: websites · n = 1,000,000
View as table
| Measure | Share | Sites | n |
|---|---|---|---|
| HSTS adoption | 34.4% | 344,100 | 1,000,000 |
| HSTS preload directive | 9.4% | 93,900 | 1,000,000 |
| HTTPS redirects | 78.6% | 785,700 | 1,000,000 |
Legacy protocols and ciphers PCI DSS rules out (NIST discourages TLS 1.0/1.1)
TLS 1.0/1.1, SSLv3, 3DES and RC4 still offered.
Denominator: deep-scanned websites · n = 973,443
View as table
| Measure | Share | Sites | n |
|---|---|---|---|
| TLS 1.0 offering | 34.9% | 339,634 | 973,443 |
| TLS 1.1 offering | 36.5% | 354,820 | 973,443 |
| SSLv3 offering | 0.4% | 3,796 | 973,443 |
| 3DES cipher family | 10.6% | 102,893 | 973,443 |
| RC4 cipher family | 0.9% | 8,566 | 973,443 |
TLS 1.0 by industry
Share of deep-scanned websites still accepting TLS 1.0 (lower is better).
Denominator: deep-scanned websites · n per cohort in the table
Government has the least TLS 1.0 at 18.5%; Gaming & Gambling the most at 57.1%.
View as table
| Slice | Share | vs benchmark | n |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gaming & Gambling | 57.1% | +22.3pp | 89,940 |
| Adult | 55.6% | +20.8pp | 24,896 |
| Media & Social | 44.8% | +9.9pp | 120,103 |
| Other | 41.5% | +6.6pp | 11,289 |
| News & Publishing | 38.6% | +3.7pp | 34,566 |
| Software & Internet | 33% | −1.9pp | 221,143 |
| Cloud & Infrastructure | 32.8% | −2.1pp | 53,547 |
| Education | 30.5% | −4.4pp | 102,144 |
| Travel & Local | 29.2% | −5.7pp | 58,262 |
| E-commerce & Retail | 26.6% | −8.3pp | 151,478 |
| Finance | 24.1% | −10.8pp | 34,241 |
| Healthcare | 22.8% | −12.1pp | 42,655 |
| Telecom | 21.3% | −13.6pp | 7,186 |
| Government | 18.5% | −16.4pp | 21,993 |
Government websites against the web
Not affected by the filter above.HSTS by government type
Federal, state, local and tribal .gov cohorts against the web average.
Denominator: websites · n per cohort in the table
federal leads at 85.4%; local trails at 31.9%.
View as table
| Slice | Share | vs benchmark | n |
|---|---|---|---|
| federal | 85.4% | +51pp | 534 |
| state | 52.1% | +17.7pp | 330 |
| Not government | 34.4% | −0pp | 998,061 |
| local | 31.9% | −2.5pp | 1,061 |
TLS 1.3 by government type
Share of deep-scanned websites accepting or negotiating TLS 1.3.
Denominator: deep-scanned websites · n per cohort in the table
Not government leads at 89.5%; local trails at 73.5%.
View as table
| Slice | Share | vs benchmark | n |
|---|---|---|---|
| Not government | 89.5% | +0pp | 971,517 |
| federal | 85.5% | −4pp | 531 |
| state | 83.4% | −6pp | 326 |
| local | 73.5% | −15.9pp | 1,055 |
TLS score
82.6 pts of 973,443 — TLS score
Denominator: deep-scanned websites · n per cohort in the table
View as table
| Cohort | Average score | vs benchmark | n |
|---|---|---|---|
| local | 90.4 pts | +7.8 pts | 1,055 |
| federal | 89.9 pts | +7.3 pts | 531 |
| state | 85.9 pts | +3.3 pts | 326 |
| Not government | 82.6 pts | −0 pts | 971,517 |